This paper presents a longitudinal follow-up study to the 2022 thematic content analysis of cybersecurity skills demand in South Africa by Kruger et al. (2022). This study examines the evolution of in-demand cybersecurity skills by replicating a 2020/2021 job postings analysis with an identical 2025 analysis and extending it with a longitudinal perspective. In this paper, 862 recent LinkedIn job postings were analyzed, focusing on two time-windows: a four-month replication window from October 2025 to January 2026 as well as a full-year 2025 longitudinal, extended sample. Using the same coding framework as the 2022 study, categorizing requirements into Technical Abilities, Technical Skills, Non-Technical Skills, and Non-Technical Abilities, the 2025 findings are compared to the 2020/2021 baseline. The replication window enables direct comparison with the 2020/2021 baseline results, revealing the maturation of the cybersecurity profession over the last decade, where operation-based activities are now considered baseline competencies and no longer explicitly stated in job advertisements. It also highlights the evolution from a strictly technical-oriented role to a professional socio-technical profession with a stronger focus on professional skills with the technical core remaining stable. The longitudinal analysis, where additional codes were added, shows that the maturation of digital infrastructure which requires cybersecurity professionals to manage procedural activities within integrated technological platforms. It also shows that a cybersecurity professional is required to undertake more professional functions such as ethical judgement, risk orientation and stakeholder engagement, signaling a focus on professional identity rather than specific skills and abilities. The findings of this study highlight implications for cybersecurity education in South Africa, which can inform cybersecurity education, professional training, workforce planning, and national skills-development initiatives in South Africa.

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Cybersecurity Job Skills Evolution in South Africa: Replication and Longitudinal Analysis

  • Suné von Solms

摘要

This paper presents a longitudinal follow-up study to the 2022 thematic content analysis of cybersecurity skills demand in South Africa by Kruger et al. (2022). This study examines the evolution of in-demand cybersecurity skills by replicating a 2020/2021 job postings analysis with an identical 2025 analysis and extending it with a longitudinal perspective. In this paper, 862 recent LinkedIn job postings were analyzed, focusing on two time-windows: a four-month replication window from October 2025 to January 2026 as well as a full-year 2025 longitudinal, extended sample. Using the same coding framework as the 2022 study, categorizing requirements into Technical Abilities, Technical Skills, Non-Technical Skills, and Non-Technical Abilities, the 2025 findings are compared to the 2020/2021 baseline. The replication window enables direct comparison with the 2020/2021 baseline results, revealing the maturation of the cybersecurity profession over the last decade, where operation-based activities are now considered baseline competencies and no longer explicitly stated in job advertisements. It also highlights the evolution from a strictly technical-oriented role to a professional socio-technical profession with a stronger focus on professional skills with the technical core remaining stable. The longitudinal analysis, where additional codes were added, shows that the maturation of digital infrastructure which requires cybersecurity professionals to manage procedural activities within integrated technological platforms. It also shows that a cybersecurity professional is required to undertake more professional functions such as ethical judgement, risk orientation and stakeholder engagement, signaling a focus on professional identity rather than specific skills and abilities. The findings of this study highlight implications for cybersecurity education in South Africa, which can inform cybersecurity education, professional training, workforce planning, and national skills-development initiatives in South Africa.