Implementing the Vanet’s in the next generation of Intelligent Transport Systems requires strong security methods to prevent the security breaches and malicious attacks. Most reviews in this field also do not provide comprehensive performance comparison between state-of-the-art security techniques, leading to a big gap in terms of being able to assess suitability for practical applications. Most of the studies above take into consideration only a single component of the security issues of VANETs in a standalone manner and do not consider an integrated approach that includes the aspects of computational overhead, communication efficiency, and the system’s scalability. It gives a thorough literature review of cutting-edge approaches which are currently using in VANET security like cryptographic protocols, ML-based Intrusion-Detection systems, Conditional privacy-preserving authenticat5ion techniques based on Blockchain and Intelligent routing protocols. Each has been analyzed in terms of their respective contributions to the exercise of a VANET. Some of the important management issues and revocation key issues of the blockchain-based CPPA techniques, along with smart contracts and sharding, reduce a lot of storage overhead and bandwidth usage. The machine-learning techniques, such as CNN and BiLSTM, detect malicious activities at a very high accuracy. Further, this review also presents an overall comparison among them by highlighting strengths, weaknesses, and feasibility related to the real-world implementation process of these methods.