Global Governance and Public Health
摘要
Governance in public health faces unprecedented global challenges that require an inclusive, intercultural, and interreligious ethical orientation. This chapter proposes a reflection articulated from the UNESCO Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights (2005), in convergence with the fundamental principles of the Social Teaching of the Church and the ethical thinking of great religious and philosophical traditions: Buddhism, Confucianism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, Judaism, and Taoism. Based on the universal values of human dignity, the common good, solidarity, subsidiarity, freedom, justice, and truth, points of convergence are analyzed to provide the basis for an ethics of governance that promotes participatory public policies, respectful of cultural and religious diversity, and committed to sustainable development. This approach proposes that the ethics of governance in public health cannot be reduced to technocratic or utilitarian decisions, but must be anchored in axiological and dialogical discernment, with openness to the accumulated wisdom of different worldviews. Religious and philosophical traditions converge, from their specificities, in valuing life, compassion, respect for others, and interdependence as the foundations of responsible public action. It also includes contemporary contributions from global bioethics and the theory of virtues applied to public management. The chapter concludes with practical and normative proposals for public health governance inspired by a profound dialogue between cultures and religions. This governance aims at equity, participation, transparency, and humanization of health policies in a context marked by pandemics, structural inequities, and ecological crises.