Review of Direct Air Carbon Capture and Storage (DACCS): Global Standing and Potential Opportunities
摘要
Direct air carbon capture and storage (DACCS) has been shown to be a key carbon removal technology on the path to net-zero emissions, though its scalability depends on both technical and non-technical factors. This paper summarizes liquid-solvent, solid-sorbent, and electrochemical approaches and provides a comprehensive comparison of their energy use, costs, and maturity. Key constraints of these methods include high costs, energy demands, and gaps in MRV integrity. Recent opportunities include producing e-fuels from CO2 and green hydrogen and integrating high-integrity DACCS into carbon markets. The conclusion points to a golden triangle of policy, technology, and market. Such alignment of robust standards and incentives, accelerated innovation, and bankable offtake are necessary conditions for the responsible scaling up of DACCS.