Lead (Pb) halide perovskite materials are gaining popularity in various areas of optoelectronic devices, including high-performance solar cells, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), photodetectors, and neuromorphic memristor devices, due to their lightweight nature, flexibility, ease of manufacturing, and remarkable optical properties. However, the toxicity of Pb hindered the commercial production of these optoelectronic devices due to health risks. Therefore, for the development of environmentally friendly optoelectronic devices, it is highly desirable to replace Pb2+ with other non-toxic elements in perovskite materials without sacrificing the material's functionality and device performance. Recently, researchers have considered Sn, Ge, Bi, and Cu as promising alternatives to replace Pb2+ in halide perovskite materials with suitable bandgaps, optical, and electrical properties. In this chapter, we discuss the progress in the performance of Pb-free perovskite-based optoelectronic devices. Furthermore, the challenges and future perspectives to improve the performance of Pb-free perovskite-based optoelectronic devices are also highlighted in detail.