Decoding India’s Green Bond Trajectory: Sectoral Dynamics and Public–Private Synergies
摘要
This study critically examines the evolution of India’s listed green bond market from 2015 to 2025, analyzing the sectoral distribution based on SDGs, issuer typology, ownership dynamics, and alignment with global sustainable finance benchmarks. Using a mixed-methods approach, this study utilized data on green bonds from SEBI and qualitative policy analysis to assess how green bonds contribute to India’s progress on the SDGs. The findings reveal private sector dominance in issuance volume (69.8%), with renewable energy and infrastructure as leading themes. Municipal participation has grown steadily, signaling the decentralization of climate finance. Temporal trends indicate market maturation, with declining coupon rates and shorter tenures. Despite promising growth, challenges persist in terms of impact reporting, verification, and regulatory harmonization. The study concludes with practical implications for policymakers and investors and identifies research gaps in environmental performance measurement and taxonomic alignment.