Objective: To observe the application of traditional Chinese medicine emotional nursing in patients with arteriovenous fistula undergoing hemodialysis. Method: Seventy hemodialysis patients who underwent autologous arteriovenous fistula anastomosis at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xingtai Medical College from August 2024 to August 2025 were selected and randomly divided into a control group (35 cases) and a intervention group (35 cases) using a random number table. The control group received conventional Western medicine nursing, while the intervention group received additional traditional Chinese medicine emotional nursing on this basis. After 4 weeks of intervention, compare the changes in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) scores, quality of life scores, and nursing satisfaction between two groups of patients. Result: After treatment, the HAMD and HAMA scores of both groups significantly decreased, with the intervention group being significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the quality of life dimensions between the two groups of patients before intervention (P > 0.05). After intervention, the intervention group showed an increase in physical symptoms, fatigue, depression, relationships with others, and frustration scores, which were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05), The nursing satisfaction of the intervention group (85.71%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (68.57%) (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Traditional Chinese Medicine emotional nursing can effectively improve the psychological state, quality of life, and nursing satisfaction of patients with arteriovenous fistula undergoing hemodialysis, and is worthy of clinical promotion and application.