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This chapter examines the historical development, ideological positions, and electoral bases of the main left-wing parties. It explores how political weight has shifted and been redistributed among the parties over time, the ways in which they still differ from each other, and how they navigate the balance between cooperation and competition.

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The Left: The Parti Socialiste, the Parti Communiste, Les Écologistes, La France Insoumise, and Their Alliances

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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摘要

This chapter examines the historical development, ideological positions, and electoral bases of the main left-wing parties. It explores how political weight has shifted and been redistributed among the parties over time, the ways in which they still differ from each other, and how they navigate the balance between cooperation and competition.