Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) transforms traditional supply chain practices by embedding environmentally sustainable principles into every phase of product lifecycles. This analysis delves into various eco-friendly practices across supply chain stages, including eco-conscious material sourcing, green marketing, optimized distribution, eco-friendly manufacturing, sustainable transportation, and renewable energy adoption. Moreover, it examines the significant business impacts of GSCM, such as cost reduction, heightened resilience, improved brand reputation, and regulatory compliance. Additionally, the study reviews blockchain’s transformative potential in supply chain management, highlighting its role in enhancing transparency, trust, trade efficiency, and traceability. It scrutinizes the challenges and benefits of blockchain integration, offering insights into navigating this innovative landscape. Real-world blockchain applications across industries are showcased, along with prospects. The study distinguishes between public and private blockchains, explores consensus mechanisms, and addresses the significance of governance models. Finally, it examines the antitrust implications of blockchain, advocating for tailored regulatory frameworks to balance innovation with competition safeguards.