Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition characterized by glucose intolerance of varying degrees that first manifests or is diagnosed during pregnancy. It typically resolves after delivery but has significant implications for both maternal and fetal health [1, 2]. GDM is one of the most common complications of pregnancy, affecting about 6–14% of pregnancies worldwide, with varying prevalence depending on the population, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes, and the diagnostic criteria used [2–7].