The research examines the pressing issue of combating cyberterrorism and cyber-extremism amid the digital transformation of society. The authors emphasize the growing threat of cyberattacks employed by terrorist and extremist groups to destabilize society, spread destructive ideologies, and organize criminal activities. The use of profiling technologies and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms is proposed as an effective tool to counter these threats. Profiling, based on the analysis of behavior, communication patterns, and digital traces, enables the early detection of potential perpetrators. In turn, AI algorithms can process vast amounts of data, identify anomalies, and predict possible cyberattacks. The research analyzes advanced machine learning methods, such as neural networks and text data analysis, which can be used for the automatic detection of extremist content and suspicious online activity. Special attention is given to the legal aspects of employing these technologies, including issues related to personal data protection and the prevention of abuse. The authors stress the need for a balance between ensuring security and upholding human rights. In conclusion, the authors provide recommendations for integrating profiling and AI technologies into cybersecurity systems, which will enhance the effectiveness of the fight against cyberterrorism and cyber-extremism while minimizing risks to society. The research is of interest to cybersecurity professionals, law enforcement agencies, and researchers engaged in digital transformation and AI.