This chapter provides a comprehensive review of recent developments and applications of digital shearographyDigital shearography in nondestructive inspection (NDI) of composite materialsComposite materials. Composite materialsComposite materials are widely used in aircraftAircraft structures due to their high strength-to-weight ratio. However, their unique layered structures make them susceptible to delaminations, disbonds, and kissing bondsKissing-bond, which can arise from manufacturing defects, operational loads, or environmental conditions. Such defects can significantly reduce structural strength, toughness, and fatigue resistance, highlighting the need for effective NDINon-Destructive Inspection (NDI) techniques. Shearography, as a highly sensitive, full-field, non-contact inspection method, has gained considerable industrial acceptance for detecting these types of defects. Its simple optical setup and relative insensitivity to environmental disturbances make it particularly suitable for practical applications. While shearography can be used for both NDINon-Destructive Inspection (NDI) and strain measurement, this chapter focuses on its NDINon-Destructive Inspection (NDI) applications. After a brief review of the fundamentals of shearography and the principles of temporal and spatial phase-shift techniques for quantitative phase measurement, recent developments and applications are presented. These include methods for estimating the size and depth of the smallest detectable defects and techniques for removing global deformation to enhance the visibility of small defects, illustrated through practical NDINon-Destructive Inspection (NDI) examples. Finally, an outlook on the inspection of kissing bondsKissing-bond and preliminary research in this area are discussed.