The paper reports findings from a study evaluating the efficiency of ceramic brushes in removing surface defects. Surface defects may appear in the form of scratches, grooves, or burn marks, and their characteristics depend on the machining method applied to the workpiece. Damage to machine components typically initiates at the surface or within subsurface layers, and surface defects can act as stress concentrators, leading to crack propagation. In the experimental procedure, surface scratches of two specified depths were created using custom-designed scratch generators. To remove these defects, dedicated tools for surface defect and burr removal were used, equipped with two different types of ceramic fiber bundles. Four values of the tool lead angle were applied: 0°, 15°, 30°, and 45°. The tool lead angle The tool lead angle is usually set by programming the machining strategy on multi-axis machine tools. The study demonstrated that, There is an optimal lead angle value that ensures effective removal of surface defects. Surface roughness after processing was also analyzed.