The factors that differentiate the management of 38 Cuban sugar companies in the period 2020–2024 are identified and evaluated, characterized by the decrease in the area covered with cane, cessation of exports and a sharp deterioration of the working and living conditions of workers in the sector, although positive elements are also present such as a different look at local chains, agricultural diversification with food production and the need for innovation and the introduction of new scientific results. Based on strategic foresight studies and diagnoses in sugar companies and cooperatives, factors of change (variables) associated with competitiveness were identified and a competitiveness indicator is designed and evaluated, which allows the elaboration for the first time of a ranking where gaps, deficiencies or weaknesses can be quickly and effectively identified for decision-making (investments, systematic evaluations, continuous improvement).