Agent-based computing has emerged as a powerful paradigm for modeling and simulating complex natural and artificial systems as well as for software engineering. Following the path traced by several contributions presented at Workshop on Objects and Agents (WOA) during the last decades, the chapter explores the historical roots of agent-based approaches, tracing their evolution and renaissance in contemporary research. Through a synthesis of selected studies, the efficacy of agent-based computing in capturing the intricacies of dynamic systems and facing their complexity is illustrated. Moreover, recent developments that extend the boundaries of agent-based approaches, pushing the paradigm “beyond” traditional confines, are highlighted. The chapter aims at underscoring the enduring relevance of agent-based computing in scientific and engineering research, emphasizing its adaptability to contemporary challenges and its potential to shape the future of computational modeling.