Design and Implementation of a Smart Irrigation System Adapted to Market Gardening in Senegal
摘要
Agriculture is a vital contributor to Senegal’s economy, accounting for approximately 8% of GDP and close to 70% of economic activity. But it again relies heavily on seasonal crops and is more vulnerable to a lack of rain due to climate change. Irrigated farming is one alternative but is plagued by constraints on water supply, manually labor intensive watering and non-acceptance of emerging methods. In order to deal with these concerns, we developed a smart water irrigation system based on the field observations in Bambey, in this research. Our system automatically calculates the crop’s water requirements based on the field parameters (temperature, air humidity, and soil moisture) and local climatic conditions. We tested these on onions, tomatoes and potatoes, three of the largest crops under Senegalese market gardening. By automating the irrigation process and providing remote control using ICT systems, our system minimises operational errors by saving time, water consumption and wastage. A total of 1 month of experimental time, and our approach was able to reduce, on average, 21% of water usage in contrast to manual irrigation, with mean monthly water use of 4.2 m3 of onions, 4.6 m3 of tomatoes, and 4.1 m3 of potatoes. These findings indicate that the IoT-based solution employed herein has shown a great effectiveness as an efficient and feasible approach for small-scale farmers in semi-arid conditions.