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In Burkina Faso, ensuring access to modern, reliable and affordable energy remains limited, with persistently low electrification rates and stark disparities between urban and rural communities. As of 2022, the electrification rate in rural areas stood at 5.49% compared to 86.96% for urban areas. This study proposes a hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) tailored to a rural off-grid community. A techno-economic evaluation and affordability assessment of such a system was carried out for a case study of the Yalgo community in Burkina Faso. A door-to-door survey was conducted, and an electricity demand of 1762.05 kWh/day was estimated for sample of 59 households. Four technical scenarios were optimised using HOMER Pro software version 3.16.2 and compared in respect of the net present cost (NPC), levelized cost of energy (LCOE), electricity unmet demand (UD) and excess energy produced (EEP). The first three scenarios include wind & battery, PV & battery and wind-PV & battery. The wind-PV & battery configuration proves to be the optimal configuration and economically cost competitive, delivering an LCOE of 0.28 USD/kWh, with UD of less than 1% and about 40% EEP. Building on this result, an electrolyser is integrated into the optimal configuration in the fourth scenario to evaluate hydrogen co-production. Hydrogen is generated primarily from surplus electricity and, in turn, lowers the EEP to 9.25% while maintaining 100% coverage of the community’s electricity demand. Although the LCOE rises, the system remains competitive for remote contexts. Finally, three tariff-design scenarios (flat tariffs, consumer group cross-subsidy tariffs and targeted subsidy tariffs), were analysed to identify structures that keep community expenditure below common affordability thresholds and address energy justice concerns. The novelty of this work lies in combining detailed techno-economic optimisation with scenario-based tariff analysis to deliver a 100% renewable energy, hydrogen-enhanced electrification solution explicitly benchmarked against rural income levels. This integrated framework and its results provide new evidence for designing equitable, circular-economy energy systems, offering policymakers and rural electrification stakeholders a replicable blueprint for Africa’s green hydrogen future.

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Techno-Economic Analysis of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for Off-Grid Power Supply and Hydrogen Production: A Case Study of the Yalgo Community, Burkina Faso

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Mamoudou Diacouri,
  • Assane Beye,
  • Richa Adhikari,
  • Maria Movsessian

摘要

In Burkina Faso, ensuring access to modern, reliable and affordable energy remains limited, with persistently low electrification rates and stark disparities between urban and rural communities. As of 2022, the electrification rate in rural areas stood at 5.49% compared to 86.96% for urban areas. This study proposes a hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) tailored to a rural off-grid community. A techno-economic evaluation and affordability assessment of such a system was carried out for a case study of the Yalgo community in Burkina Faso. A door-to-door survey was conducted, and an electricity demand of 1762.05 kWh/day was estimated for sample of 59 households. Four technical scenarios were optimised using HOMER Pro software version 3.16.2 and compared in respect of the net present cost (NPC), levelized cost of energy (LCOE), electricity unmet demand (UD) and excess energy produced (EEP). The first three scenarios include wind & battery, PV & battery and wind-PV & battery. The wind-PV & battery configuration proves to be the optimal configuration and economically cost competitive, delivering an LCOE of 0.28 USD/kWh, with UD of less than 1% and about 40% EEP. Building on this result, an electrolyser is integrated into the optimal configuration in the fourth scenario to evaluate hydrogen co-production. Hydrogen is generated primarily from surplus electricity and, in turn, lowers the EEP to 9.25% while maintaining 100% coverage of the community’s electricity demand. Although the LCOE rises, the system remains competitive for remote contexts. Finally, three tariff-design scenarios (flat tariffs, consumer group cross-subsidy tariffs and targeted subsidy tariffs), were analysed to identify structures that keep community expenditure below common affordability thresholds and address energy justice concerns. The novelty of this work lies in combining detailed techno-economic optimisation with scenario-based tariff analysis to deliver a 100% renewable energy, hydrogen-enhanced electrification solution explicitly benchmarked against rural income levels. This integrated framework and its results provide new evidence for designing equitable, circular-economy energy systems, offering policymakers and rural electrification stakeholders a replicable blueprint for Africa’s green hydrogen future.