There are over 8.2 billion people globally who depend on the limited water resources for domestic and industrial applications, putting a strain on existing water resources. This underscores the need to examine technologies that can boost water management. The different water management technologies and alternative water sources have been discussed in this chapter. Innovations in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) that can foster better water management were also examined. However, persistent gaps remain despite technological advancements in water management. These include high initial cost, energy demand, limited industrial adoption due to scalability issues and the perception of people towards some of these water sources. The chapter reviews advanced water management technologies and alternative sources to address global water scarcity and pollution. It discusses treatment methods like membrane bioreactors and nanofiltration, as well as smart technologies such as AI and IoT for monitoring. Additionally, it explores resource recovery from wastewater and alternative source strategies, including desalination and fog harvesting. By identifying technical gaps, financial constraints, and social acceptance issues, the chapter outlines future research priorities and policy directions for sustainable water management. The chapter recommends further research efforts to reduce the energy demand of these water technologies, as well as sustained awareness programmes to foster increased adoption among the global population.