Understanding the changes in breast tissue after surgery (such as lumpectomy, mastectomy, or reconstruction) is crucial for radiologists to conduct effective follow-up imaging. Benign findings that are expected can sometimes resemble signs of recurrence; so recognizing these differences is key to minimizing false positives, unnecessary biopsies, and patient anxiety. Common postoperative imaging features include skin thickening, breast tissue edema, seroma, fat necrosis, hematoma and scar.