The nation state with its proclaimed sovereignty (absolute right to self-determination) is the key pillar both de jure and de facto of the contemporary international order built around the UN and international law. This chapter reflects critically on the foundations of such a claim showing first of all that nations are in effect what international law accepts as a nation (already a circular argument) and that the territorial boundaries as recognised in international law are ultimately the resultants of past military conquests, of “might is right”. This is in effect no more than the law of the gangland urban jungle and hardly constitutes a morally convincing basis for nation states and their proclaimed sovereignty. But if the moral basis of national sovereignty is dubious, in economic terms in an intricately interdependent world economy where sovereign nation states nonetheless retain control of economic policy-making and regulation, the nation state has become largely irrelevant if not entirely obsolete. In our era of free trade, freedom of movement of factors of production, globalised financial markets and interdependence of all markets in globalised supply chains, many if not most of the major economic policy challenges that governments face require a coordinated supranational response reaching far beyond the competences of most of the world’s nation states. Because of its moral bankruptcy and economic obsolescence, the world needs to move beyond a geopolitical order built around sovereign nation states.