Cost-Efficient Methods for Manufacturing Composite Structures
摘要
This study examines approaches to reducing energy consumption and improving the efficiency of the curing process of polymer composite materials (PCMs). Particular attention is given to optimizing the parameters of isothermal dwell, which represents the most energy-intensive stage of the curing cycle. Two methods for determining optimal technological parameters are compared: the experimental and the online methods. The experimental method is based on parameter selection through a series of tests but requires considerable resources and time. The online method is based on continuous monitoring of certain characteristics and allows for real-time adjustment of the processing regime without additional experiments. The influence of the stress state arising during curing, as well as its relationship with thermal, shrinkage, and relaxation processes in the composite package, is also analyzed. It is shown that residual stresses can be reduced by ensuring a uniform temperature field, applying bilateral heating, optimizing the geometry and design of tooling, and utilizing the relaxation properties of the material. The conducted analysis made it possible to develop a set of practical recommendations aimed at reducing forming time, lowering energy consumption, and ensuring the required physical and mechanical properties of finished products.