This chapter critically examines the Green New Deal (GND) as a central framework for addressing the climate crisis, focusing on its potential and limitations in advancing a just transition. While both European and North American versions promote decarbonization, public investment, and reduced inequality, this chapter argues that they remain embedded in green capitalist logics that fail to address the structural causes of environmental degradation. Drawing on debates on the Anthropocene and political economy, it analyzes four countercurrents -degrowth, post-growhth, ecofeminism, and ecosocialism- that challenge the compatibility between sustainability and economic growth. Through a comparative approach, the chapter identifies key differences and overlaps in their perspectives on growht, policy, and social transformation. It concludes that, despite their diversity, these approaches collectively expose the limits of reformist strategies and contribute to rethinking the ecological transition as a multidimensional process grounded in environmental sustainability, social justice, and systemic change.