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With the implementation of a series of Bohai Sea environmental management measures, the overall quality of the Bohai Sea environment has improved significantly. However, some regions still experience a certain degree of eutrophication. To assess the status of water quality in the Bohai Sea, this study focused on nutrient concentrations and structure in the coastal waters near Qinhuangdao. Concentrations of inorganic nitrogen, silicate, and phosphate were collected and measured from May to August 2017. Their spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and primary influencing factors were analyzed and discussed. The results showed that the average concentrations of inorganic nitrogen (DIN), phosphate (DIP), and silicate (DSi) in the water body over the four months were 3.11 ± 4.19 μmol/L, 0.12 ± 0.12 μmol/L, and 5.20 ± 4.06 μmol/L, respectively. Overall, from May to July, nutrients exhibited higher concentrations in the surface layer and lower concentrations in the bottom layer, with a general trend of higher values near the shore and lower values farther from the shore. However, in August, a high-concentration zone of nutrients was observed in the bottom layer of seawater. The results of nutrient structure revealed that the four-month average values of DIN/DIP, DSi/DIN, and DSi/DIP were 78.13, 6.25, and 320.53, respectively, exceeding the Redfield ratio (DSi:DIN:DIP = 16:16:1). These results indicate that the study area was generally limited by phosphorus. Nutrient concentrations exhibited significant spatial variability across different months, primarily influenced by terrestrial inputs and phytoplankton growth. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that, overall, DIP and DIN were negatively correlated with pH and dissolved oxygen (DO), while DSi exhibited a positive correlation with temperature and negative correlations with salinity, pH, and DO. To address the hypoxia-nutrient feedback phenomenon typically observed in August, key measures to mitigate marine pollution include promoting precision agriculture, enhancing nitrogen and phosphorus removal in urban and domestic sewage treatment, and strictly enforcing industrial wastewater discharge standards.

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Distribution Characteristics of Nutrients and its Influencing Factors in the Coastal Waters of Qinhuangdao

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Leyi Zuo,
  • Zhanguo Tian,
  • An Cui,
  • Guodong Zhang,
  • Yujian Wen,
  • Guicheng Zhang,
  • Jun Sun

摘要

With the implementation of a series of Bohai Sea environmental management measures, the overall quality of the Bohai Sea environment has improved significantly. However, some regions still experience a certain degree of eutrophication. To assess the status of water quality in the Bohai Sea, this study focused on nutrient concentrations and structure in the coastal waters near Qinhuangdao. Concentrations of inorganic nitrogen, silicate, and phosphate were collected and measured from May to August 2017. Their spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and primary influencing factors were analyzed and discussed. The results showed that the average concentrations of inorganic nitrogen (DIN), phosphate (DIP), and silicate (DSi) in the water body over the four months were 3.11 ± 4.19 μmol/L, 0.12 ± 0.12 μmol/L, and 5.20 ± 4.06 μmol/L, respectively. Overall, from May to July, nutrients exhibited higher concentrations in the surface layer and lower concentrations in the bottom layer, with a general trend of higher values near the shore and lower values farther from the shore. However, in August, a high-concentration zone of nutrients was observed in the bottom layer of seawater. The results of nutrient structure revealed that the four-month average values of DIN/DIP, DSi/DIN, and DSi/DIP were 78.13, 6.25, and 320.53, respectively, exceeding the Redfield ratio (DSi:DIN:DIP = 16:16:1). These results indicate that the study area was generally limited by phosphorus. Nutrient concentrations exhibited significant spatial variability across different months, primarily influenced by terrestrial inputs and phytoplankton growth. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that, overall, DIP and DIN were negatively correlated with pH and dissolved oxygen (DO), while DSi exhibited a positive correlation with temperature and negative correlations with salinity, pH, and DO. To address the hypoxia-nutrient feedback phenomenon typically observed in August, key measures to mitigate marine pollution include promoting precision agriculture, enhancing nitrogen and phosphorus removal in urban and domestic sewage treatment, and strictly enforcing industrial wastewater discharge standards.