Wet Deposition of Heavy Metals in Qingdao’s Nearshore Waters: Characterization, Sources and Inputs to Jiaozhou Bay
摘要
Wet deposition sampling was carried out in February, May, August, and October 2017 in Qingdao, and the concentrations, sources, and fluxes of 5 heavy metals in wet deposition were analyzed. The results showed that the concentration of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in wet deposition near the coast of Qingdao did not change much compared with the historical study; the concentrations of Cu, Zn and As were at a high level compared with other cities or regions, and were only lower than the monitoring results in Daya Bay, Xinghua Bay and Xiamen, while Pb and Cd were basically at the same level as in other coastal cities. The highest concentrations of Cu and Pb occurred in summer, while Zn, Cd and As occurred in fall and winter. Source analysis by air mass backward trajectory analysis, correlation analysis and principal component analysis showed that the wet deposition of heavy metals in Qingdao’s nearshore waters was mainly affected by coal and oil combustion, chemical industry emissions, and to a greater extent by continental pollution sources in summer and fall. The seasonal variation of fluxes is more obvious, and the deposition fluxes of Cu, Pb and Cd are all highest in summer (August). The annual flux of Zn was accounting for 89% of the annual deposition flux of the five heavy metals. The input of Zn to Jiaozhou Bay from wet deposition may be much larger than the input from rivers, and the inputs of Zn, Pb, and Cu may have a significant impact on the seawater quality of Jiaozhou Bay. It is recommended that research on control measures, ecological effects and ecological restoration methods be carried out for the above elements.