In arid irrigation zones, conservation tillage with surface residue retention is an effective strategy to reduce evaporation and improve water use efficiency. However, achieving consistent seeding depth under stubble-covered terrain remains a major challenge, as depth variability can negatively affect seed emergence and early crop development. To provide a controllable and repeatable environment for algorithm development and system validation, this study designs a simulation testing platform for precision seeding in residue-covered field conditions. The platform integrates terrain simulation, RGB–3D vision-based ground-distance perception, and electric-cylinder-driven depth control, enabling dynamic testing of seeding responses under varying soil and residue configurations. Experimental results demonstrate that the platform effectively replicates complex field conditions, validates control strategies, and reduces the need for extensive field trials. The proposed simulation testing environment provides a valuable tool for the development and optimization of precision seeding systems in conservation tillage applications.