Evaporation of Landfill Leachate in the Presence of RDF Char—A Contribution for Circular Economy Promotion
摘要
Landfill leachates are highly contaminated effluents generated in significant volumes that require complex and costly treatment methods before being discharged into sewer systems or surface water bodies. In this work, the evaporation of landfill leachate at 95 °C, in the presence of refuse-derived char (RDF-char) was evaluated as an alternative method to treat this complex effluent and to recover water, carbon, and mineral resources. Evaporation of the leachate in the presence of 0, 1.0, 1.5, 2.5 and 5% RDF-char enabled the recovery of between 2.5 and 7.1% solids, and between 97.5 and 92.9% of the aqueous phase. The recovered solids were dried and carbonized at 250 °C for homogenization purposes. The resulting chars contained between 12.8% and 42.0% carbon and between 42 and 71% ash, with a lower heating value (LHV) ranging from 3.4 to 16.9 MJ/kg. Considering mass and energy balances it was possible to determine that the energy demand associated with the evaporation process could be met through the combustion of the RDF-char itself. This energy source, readily available at the landfill site, corresponded to between 3 and 30% of the material that originally generated the leachate. The results obtained indicate that this leachate treatment process can be achieved using internal resources, while simultaneously preventing soil and water contamination, recovering water resources, and producing a carbon-rich material with potential for various environmental or industrial applications.