The Berlengas archipelago, a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, is home to unique endemic plant species, making its conservation vital. However, invasive species, human activities, and environmental pressures have severely impacted its native vegetation. Since 2014, control measures, including the removal of invasive species (Carpobrotus edulis, black rats, and rabbits) have been implemented to restore the island’s ecosystem. This study assesses the long-term changes in vegetation on the island's plateau until 2024. Exclusion zones were established to protect areas dominated by the endangered Armeria berlengensis and other native species from seagull disturbance. Results reveal a slow recovery of A. berlengensis, with a non-significant increase in its cover within the exclusion zones where the species already existed. Meanwhile, nitrophilous species such as Echium rosulatum and Calendula suffruticosa subsp. algarbiensis, along with species from the Poaceae family continue dominant in unprotected areas. These findings highlight the need for ongoing management to safeguard the island's biodiversity and support the recovery of its endemic flora.