Industrial ergonomics plays a fundamental role in improving the safety, health and well-being of workers. At the same time, it ensures the efficiency and sustainability of production processes. Traditional tools and approaches based on manual assessment methods, such as RULA or REBA, have their place, but in a dynamically changing production environment, they prove to be time-consuming, subjective and limited. The advent of digitalisation and the Industry 4.0 concept have stimulated the intensive development of software solutions that use digital human modelling, sensor technologies or computer vision. These tools enable more accurate, faster and often more predictive assessment of working conditions as early as the design stage. Current trends include the integration of digital twins with augmented and virtual reality, support systems for human–robot collaboration, and multi-factor ergonomic assessments that consider not only physical but also cognitive and user-related aspects. Discussions on limitations highlight the need for validation of new technologies in real-world conditions and challenges related to software interoperability. Modern approaches thus shift ergonomics from a supplementary tool to a fundamental component of digital production design, contributing not only to the protection of workers’ health but also to the long-term competitiveness and sustainability of the manufacturing industry.