Variations in the Parameters of Electromagnetic Field for Strong and Weak Earthquakes in the Northern Tien Shan
摘要
In this paper, we examine magnetotelluric monitoring data for 2024–2025, obtained at two permanent observation points, Aksu and Chon-Kurchak, located in the Chu Basin of the Northern Tien Shan, within the Bishkek Geodynamic Polygon (BGP). We analyzed in detail strong (Mpvpv > 5) and weak (Mpvpv < 5) seismic events that occurred during the period under review at various distances from the observation points, representing more than 20 earthquakes. Geophysical equipment installed at the Aksu stationary monitoring point (magnetotelluric station and seismic station) made it possible to estimate the delay time of the signal recorded by the Phoenix MTU-5 station. The main goal of our research is to establish the relationship between past earthquakes (energy, distance from the epicenter to the monitoring point, source depth) and the nature of the features of the manifestation of the components of the recorded electromagnetic field (signal amplitude, their delay time relative to the registration of the seismic wave, the rate of increase and decrease of the amplitude). Analysis of weak earthquakes of the Northern Tien Shan (12 seismic events with Mpvpv = 4–5) allows us to conclude that the recorded monitoring data only show those events that are either in close proximity, for example, Merki (03/28/2025, 10:56:42 UTC), or those whose source depth is located in the first kilometers from the daylight surface. All the electromagnetic disturbances associated with the mainshock of the earthquakes we examined are characterized by a time delay (from a few seconds to a few minutes). Analysis of the obtained data indicates differences in the geological response to seismic events at the Aksu and Chon-Kurchak monitoring stations, which may be due to the specific features of the deep crustal structure, the differences in the physical mechanisms of earthquake preparation at different depths in the Northern Tien Shan lithosphere, and the nature of the changes in the fluid regime.