Eucalyptus spp. have been widely planted for environmental protection, addressing challenges such as water and wind erosion. In addition to ecological purposes, they also contribute to the timber industry. However, pruning generates large amounts of biomass that must be managed. Eucalyptus spp. possess considerable potential for producing valuable bioproducts. Fully utilising biomass could enhance the economic status of a society, especially for smallholders, farmers, and entrepreneurs. Besides, the use of Eucalyptus spp. by-products could reduce biomass waste. This chapter explores the potential bioproducts derived from Eucalyptus spp., focusing on the chemical composition of the plants, industrial applications, and the role they play in a circular economy system. It also examines the economic impact of Eucalyptus spp. plantations in the surrounding communities.