Mangroves are important coastal ecosystems with ecological, economic, and social value, including carbon sequestration, shoreline protection, and biodiversity. Indonesia has the world’s largest mangrove area, but mangrove deforestation and degradation are driven by aquaculture, agriculture, and urban expansion. Indonesia has focused on smart plantations and the restoration of mangroves, and the challenges and opportunities of these efforts are reported here. The lack of knowledge among the general public, funding restrictions, conflicts of interest among stakeholders, and failure to consider technical aspects prevent the success of restoration efforts. Indonesia has pledged to rehabilitate 600,000 ha of mangroves through community-based programs backed by new technologies. There are opportunities to integrate mangrove restoration with carbon-offset markets and ecotourism initiatives, creating sustainable livelihoods for coastal communities while contributing to climate change resilience. Policies, such as the establishment of the Indonesian Mangrove Peat Restoration Agency (BRGM), show that large-scale implementation is possible but requires coordination among multiple stakeholders with robust policy frameworks and innovative financing mechanisms. Indonesia could be a world leader in sustainable mangrove management, address climate imperatives, and improve coastal communities. This chapter briefly discusses mangrove forests and Eucalyptus plantations to highlight their ecological interactions.