Health disparities and climate change are evolving, primarily affecting Chagas disease and Leishmaniasis throughout known endemic and nonendemic regions. These neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) affect marginalized and poor populations. In this chapter, we will detail how global warming, climate change, and anthropogenic alterations in our environment will ultimately alter the habitats and behaviors of the vectors—triatomines (kissing bugs) for Chagas disease and phlebotomines (sand flies) for Leishmaniasis—thereby influencing transmission and disease epidemiology. These diseases predominantly affect impoverished populations with limited resources in tropical and subtropical regions. The chapter underscores the critical need for an interdisciplinary approach, incorporating insights from epidemiology, ecology, climatology, and public health to develop effective disease mitigation and control strategies. Understanding the dynamics between climate change and vector-borne diseases is essential for addressing the global health challenges these NTDs pose, especially in the ongoing climate crisis.