Climate change is increasingly recognized as a major driver of global health threats, with malaria at the forefront of climate- sensitive diseases. Rising temperatures, shifting precipitation patterns, and more frequent extreme weather events are reshaping the geographic distribution, seasonality, and intensity of malaria transmission. These environmental changes influence mosquito vector behavior, parasite development, and human vulnerability, particularly in low-resource settings with fragile health infrastructure. This chapter examines the complex interaction between climate variables and malaria epidemiology, highlighting historical trends, regional patterns, and emerging risks. Climate shifts may expand transmission into highland and previously unsuitable areas, alter seasonal dynamics, and intensify outbreaks among population with limited immunity. At the same time, socioeconomic instability, population mobility, a land-use change, and weak health systems interact with climate variability to shape malaria burden and constrains control efforts. We further evaluate adaptation and mitigation strategies, including integrated vector management, climate-informed early warning system, strengthened surveillance, vaccine  development, and community-based interactions. Sustaining progress towards malaria control and elimination in a waning world requires interdisciplinary research, resilient health systems, equitable access to innovation, and coordinated global action to protect vulnerable populations and climate- driven reversal in malaria gains.