This study clarifies the decision-making factors that might hinder or enable the replacement of packaging materials (fossil-based, non-biodegradable) with sustainable (i.e., recyclable, biodegradable, or biobased) alternatives. A survey was conducted in Finland and in the United States for various industry segments and company sizes using open-ended and multiple-choice questions. The results give an indication on companies’ sustainable packaging-related plans. There were differences between the countries in the companies’ environmental strategies, factors seen important by companies and how sustainable materials (i.e., recyclable, biodegradable, and biobased) are perceived. The differences between countries showed clear differences regarding the current use of environmental strategies in companies (e.g., in Finland, the percentage of the companies reporting to have strategies was higher than in the US). This was directly related to the plans of using more sustainable packaging options and the ability of Finnish respondents to identify different factors affecting the choice of packaging materials.