Case Study of Bochum and Chofu City in Installing E-Moped Sharing Service for Accessibility, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, and Cost
摘要
Recently, there has been a call to transition toward low greenhouse gas (GHG) emission transportation to address global warming. One of the ecofriendly transportations is an electric moped scooter (e-moped) sharing service, which does not emit GHG during operation. Planning the location of charging stations and managing material procurement for e-moped manufacturing is essential to reduce cost and GHG emissions, while also enhancing service accessibility. In this study, two-stage design on the e-moped sharing services was adopted using integer programming to allocate charging stations and select material suppliers for e-mopeds. The method to determine suitable charging station locations and sizes, and supplier selection were presented. Numerical experiments were conducted to illustrate the proposed design and analysis method, assuming the installation of the Kumpan 1954 model in Bochum and Chofu cities. In the numerical experiments, the set covering and maximal covering location problems with a small coverage radius for charging stations yielded better results when accessibility, GHG emissions, and cost were evaluated comprehensively for Bochum and Chofu cities, respectively. In supplier selection, a higher GHG reduction target, such as 70% reduction, is desirable in both cases. The difference in the optimal scenarios for Bochum and Chofu can be attributed to the distinct population distribution in the two cities.