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Health risk is the likelihood of developing diseases associated with the influence of various factors, such as chemicals in the environment, including in the air. Daily doses for inhalation exposure to substances are calculated according to the monitoring data of the “Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Republic of Tatarstan (Tatarstan)” from 2017 to 2021. We analyzed four districts of the city of Kazan: 1-zone—Kirovsky, 2-zone—Privolzhsky, 3-zone—Sovetsky, and 4-zone—Vakhitovsky. Two age groups were taken into account: adolescents aged 15–17 and the adult population. According to the analysis results, the Kirovsky district is most affected by chemicals since the total hazard coefficient was HI = 7.6 (95% Perc). Several substances that had the greatest impact were identified. These include suspended particles PM 2.5, carbon (soot), nitrogen dioxide, and suspended solids. In other districts of Kazan, the total hazard coefficient has the following indicators (in descending order): Vakhitovsky (HI = 6.34), Volga (HI = 5.21), and Soviet (HI = 4.36). In the atmospheric air of these areas, there is a large amount of nitrogen dioxide, carbon (soot), and suspended solids. When comparing the total risks of non-carcinogenic effects at average annual concentrations, it was revealed that in adolescents, this figure is approximately 1.2 times higher than in adults. Discussion/Interpretation: The difference is most pronounced in the Vakhitovsky district of Kazan, where the risk for adolescents is 1.7 times higher than for adults. The high proportion of benzo(a)pyrene in the atmospheric air of the Volga region, which is almost ¼ of the total, is alarming. Benzo(a)pyrene is classified as a dangerous carcinogen. The remaining pollutants were distributed as follows (in descending order): particulate matter PM2.5 (17%), nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter (14%), particulate matter PM10 (12%), and carbon (soot) (9%). No differences were found when comparing the proportion of chemical substances to the health of adolescents and adults at 95%.

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Air Quality and Its Impact on Population Health of the Republic of Tatarstan

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Amr S. Elbahnasawy,
  • Daniya Gizatullina,
  • Tansu Gazieva,
  • Emiliya Valeeva,
  • Natalya Stepanova,
  • Alla Arinina,
  • Elena Minakova,
  • Kadriya Ibragimova,
  • Ajzat Basyjrov,
  • Aigul Kamaletdinova,
  • Tamila Leonova

摘要

Health risk is the likelihood of developing diseases associated with the influence of various factors, such as chemicals in the environment, including in the air. Daily doses for inhalation exposure to substances are calculated according to the monitoring data of the “Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Republic of Tatarstan (Tatarstan)” from 2017 to 2021. We analyzed four districts of the city of Kazan: 1-zone—Kirovsky, 2-zone—Privolzhsky, 3-zone—Sovetsky, and 4-zone—Vakhitovsky. Two age groups were taken into account: adolescents aged 15–17 and the adult population. According to the analysis results, the Kirovsky district is most affected by chemicals since the total hazard coefficient was HI = 7.6 (95% Perc). Several substances that had the greatest impact were identified. These include suspended particles PM 2.5, carbon (soot), nitrogen dioxide, and suspended solids. In other districts of Kazan, the total hazard coefficient has the following indicators (in descending order): Vakhitovsky (HI = 6.34), Volga (HI = 5.21), and Soviet (HI = 4.36). In the atmospheric air of these areas, there is a large amount of nitrogen dioxide, carbon (soot), and suspended solids. When comparing the total risks of non-carcinogenic effects at average annual concentrations, it was revealed that in adolescents, this figure is approximately 1.2 times higher than in adults. Discussion/Interpretation: The difference is most pronounced in the Vakhitovsky district of Kazan, where the risk for adolescents is 1.7 times higher than for adults. The high proportion of benzo(a)pyrene in the atmospheric air of the Volga region, which is almost ¼ of the total, is alarming. Benzo(a)pyrene is classified as a dangerous carcinogen. The remaining pollutants were distributed as follows (in descending order): particulate matter PM2.5 (17%), nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter (14%), particulate matter PM10 (12%), and carbon (soot) (9%). No differences were found when comparing the proportion of chemical substances to the health of adolescents and adults at 95%.