The Black Sea is the youngest sea in the world. Researching the history of its formation is one of the urgent tasks of geoarchaeology. The study of the Black Sea requires the use of special equipment for visual and instrumental research of the shelf, continental slope and bottom of the sea basin (abyss). This determines the urgency of creating and using appropriate means of marine robotics. The work uses an analysis method for decomposing robotics tasks into separate components and a system approach method for determining the technical characteristics of robots. The analysis of the morphology of the Black Sea and the study of hypotheses about its formation showed that the bottom of the sea as an object of research can be divided into three parts. For geoarchaeological research using marine robotics, two main types of marine robots are proposed. As a result of the analysis of the morphology of the Black Sea and the analysis of modern tasks of its research, the expediency of involving technologies for hydrophysical and hydrochemical characteristics of sea water and soil based on the use of marine robotics is shown. The proposed list of types of marine surface and underwater robots can be used as a basis for launching unmanned technologies of geoarchaeological research in the Black Sea.