With the rapid advancement of deep learning (DL), machine learning (ML), and artificial intelligence (AI) more broadly, asymmetric threats are evolving at an unprecedented pace and becoming increasingly unpredictable. Emerging technologies and expanding knowledge bases may be exploited for the preparation of chemical and biological agents, even by individuals without specialized training. At the same time, AI offers substantial advantages by strengthening prevention systems, enhancing safety, and providing cognitive and operational support to frontline responders. The paper uses a literature review to gain insight into relevant research in this area in order to examine the advantages and challenges that the future holds in the field of CBRN terrorism, with a focus on potential advantages of emerging technology in prevention, detection, and response.