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Liquefaction Risk Assessment (LRA) is a complex and multidisciplinary process that integrates principles from earthquake engineering, geotechnical engineering, and structural engineering. The susceptibility to liquefaction can be determined through the evaluation of geotechnical and/or geophysical site investigation data using various theoretical approaches. This study aims to assess the liquefaction risk in the community area of the Yanbu Industrial City, located in the mid-western region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), along the Red Sea coastline—an area characterized by significant seismic activity. The assessment involves the acquisition of local seismic parameters derived from a Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment (PSHA) conducted at the site, alongside an extensive evaluation of geotechnical investigation data, which includes records from more than 500 boreholes within the urban area. Additionally, geophysical survey data from Multi-channel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW), obtained from 80 locations across the study area, have been analyzed. Liquefaction analyses were conducted based on both geotechnical and geophysical investigation data. The Factor of Safety (FS) against liquefaction and the Liquefaction Potential Index (LPI) were computed for boreholes where liquefiable layers were identified. Subsequently, liquefaction susceptibility and LPI maps for the project site were generated using a Geographic Information System (GIS)-based geospatial trend analysis. The findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the liquefaction hazard in the region, providing critical insights for future urban planning and infrastructure resilience.

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Liquefaction Susceptibility Evaluation Based on Geotechnical and Geophysical Investigations—A Case Study from Yanbu Industrial City, KSA

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Tahir Yıldız,
  • Tuğba İleri,
  • Hadi Chalal,
  • M. Abdullah Sandıkkaya,
  • Miguel F. Amaral,
  • Christian G. Groom,
  • Yasser M. Al-Bogami,
  • Zaidan M. Yousef

摘要

Liquefaction Risk Assessment (LRA) is a complex and multidisciplinary process that integrates principles from earthquake engineering, geotechnical engineering, and structural engineering. The susceptibility to liquefaction can be determined through the evaluation of geotechnical and/or geophysical site investigation data using various theoretical approaches. This study aims to assess the liquefaction risk in the community area of the Yanbu Industrial City, located in the mid-western region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), along the Red Sea coastline—an area characterized by significant seismic activity. The assessment involves the acquisition of local seismic parameters derived from a Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment (PSHA) conducted at the site, alongside an extensive evaluation of geotechnical investigation data, which includes records from more than 500 boreholes within the urban area. Additionally, geophysical survey data from Multi-channel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW), obtained from 80 locations across the study area, have been analyzed. Liquefaction analyses were conducted based on both geotechnical and geophysical investigation data. The Factor of Safety (FS) against liquefaction and the Liquefaction Potential Index (LPI) were computed for boreholes where liquefiable layers were identified. Subsequently, liquefaction susceptibility and LPI maps for the project site were generated using a Geographic Information System (GIS)-based geospatial trend analysis. The findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the liquefaction hazard in the region, providing critical insights for future urban planning and infrastructure resilience.