Elastane (EA), a widely used synthetic polyurethane (PU), is renowned for its exceptional elasticity and strength. However, it presents considerable environmental concerns, particularly due to its impact on the mechanical recycling of textiles. Common methods for the removal of EA from textiles commonly rely on aggressive solvents and high energy consumption, thereby limiting their feasibility. This study investigates the use of aqueous solutions at moderate temperatures as a sustainable alternative. Using the exhaustion method at 90 ℃ for 2 cycles of 7 h each, three approaches were tested, namely acidic hydrolysis (acetic acid), alkaline hydrolysis (sodium hydroxide), and chemical degradation with an organic catalyst (1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, DABCO). The acidic method was revealed as the most effective treatment for EA degradation, followed by the alkaline, while only a minor effect was observed with DABCO. Acidic treatment effectively degrades EA filaments, breaking them into smaller, recoverable components without the need for harsh chemicals. This process supports sustainable recycling practices and is aligned with circular economy principles by minimizing toxicity, solvent usage, and hazardous waste generation. By reducing the elasticity, textile waste containing EA becomes easier to recycle, reducing the percentage of non-recyclable textile waste and contributing to a more sustainable management process.

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Aqueous Solutions for Sustainable Elastane Degradation in Textile Recycling

  • Ana Isabel Ribeiro,
  • Tiago Azevedo,
  • Mariana P. Barreiros,
  • Ana Catarina Silva,
  • Diego Chaves,
  • Nuno A. T. C. Fernandes,
  • Óscar Carvalho,
  • Raul Fangueiro,
  • Diana P. Ferreira

摘要

Elastane (EA), a widely used synthetic polyurethane (PU), is renowned for its exceptional elasticity and strength. However, it presents considerable environmental concerns, particularly due to its impact on the mechanical recycling of textiles. Common methods for the removal of EA from textiles commonly rely on aggressive solvents and high energy consumption, thereby limiting their feasibility. This study investigates the use of aqueous solutions at moderate temperatures as a sustainable alternative. Using the exhaustion method at 90 ℃ for 2 cycles of 7 h each, three approaches were tested, namely acidic hydrolysis (acetic acid), alkaline hydrolysis (sodium hydroxide), and chemical degradation with an organic catalyst (1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, DABCO). The acidic method was revealed as the most effective treatment for EA degradation, followed by the alkaline, while only a minor effect was observed with DABCO. Acidic treatment effectively degrades EA filaments, breaking them into smaller, recoverable components without the need for harsh chemicals. This process supports sustainable recycling practices and is aligned with circular economy principles by minimizing toxicity, solvent usage, and hazardous waste generation. By reducing the elasticity, textile waste containing EA becomes easier to recycle, reducing the percentage of non-recyclable textile waste and contributing to a more sustainable management process.