New avenues for sustainable energy production, storage, and conversion have been made possible by the quick development of bio-inspired energy materials. These materials provide creative ways to lessen reliance on non-renewable resources and lessen environmental effects since they are generated from or imitate natural systems. Using thorough life cycle assessment (LCA) and environmental evaluation methodologies, this chapter investigates the sustainability of bio-inspired energy materials. It emphasizes how crucial it is to take into account every stage of the material life cycle, from the extraction and synthesis of raw materials to application, end-of-life treatment and recycling. To demonstrate practical uses and difficulties in incorporating bio-inspired materials into energy systems, case examples are also provided.