This chapter examines the Swedish intelligence organization during the reign of Johan III. It provides a brief outline of the king’s foreign policy and his efforts to reveal and prevent plots to release his captured predecessor but also attempts against the king himself. Swedish intelligence activities during the long war with Muscovy (1570–1595) does, however, represent the greatest focus of this chapter. This chapter outlines not only the efforts made to collect intelligence during operations in Livonia but also the deployment of agents in Muscovy. It provides examples of Finnish peasants in the border regions who were exempt from taxes in reward for their intelligence activities. It also provides examples of valuable intelligence provided by released Swedish prisoners of war. This chapter also describes interrogations with Muscovite prisoners and the wealth of intelligence provided by Muscovite defectors. Swedish intelligence reports were largely concerned with developments among the Tartar polities of the Eurasian Steppe who fought parallel wars with Muscovy. Their activities largely dictated Swedish strategic decisions, and several attempts were made to establish liaisons with the khanates of Crimea and Kazan. Finally, this chapter demonstrates the sustained importance of intelligence during the war.