The natural environment is constantly contaminated by wastewater, which has a direct impact on ecological balance and environmental quality. Hence, Wastewater must be cleaned and treated to lessen this impact for which an appropriate and sustainable Technology must be used. Further, it must be cost effective, simple to use, maintain, and effective in removing heavy metals, organic remains and other contaminants. Aquatic macrophytes have a physiologically important regulating role in removing heavy metals and mineral nutrients from aquatic bodies and also act as water quality indicators. Various wastewater has been successfully treated with macrophytes. This is mostly used because of their ability to absorb nutrients, ease of use, low cost of construction, process, conservation, low energy consumption, process steadiness, and possible advantages of the solids that are gathered. Our bays, rivers, lakes, streams, and coastal waters are all severely impacted by nutrient contamination. Large volumes of nitrogen and phosphorus are discharged into these waterways which are not adequately removed by most of the wastewater treatment. Therefore, it is intended to explore the types of aquatic macrophytes, its characteristic properties and the advantages of treating wastewater for the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus using macrophytes as well as the obstacles that must be overcome to expand the proficiency of this approach.