Aligning sustainable design with robust acoustic performance remains a core challenge in building practice. This systematic review synthesizes evidence on green architectural acoustics, appraises methodological quality with ROBINS-I, and highlights future priorities informed by bibliometric insights. Searches in Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, and arXiv (dual-reviewer screening; PRISMA 2020) yielded 12 eligible studies (experimental n = 5; field n = 3; reviews n = 2; case studies n = 2) with overall risk of bias predominantly low–moderate. Research clusters around bio-based and recycled materials, life-cycle assessment (LCA) integration, occupant-comfort evaluation, and green-certification contexts. Geographically, most studies originated from Europe (5; 42%) and North America (4; 33%), with contributions from Asia (2; 17%) and multi-regional work (1; 8%). Post-2010 activity accelerated, particularly material-focused research after 2020. Evidence indicates several bio-based/recycled solutions achieve NRC ≈ 0.70–0.90 with lower embodied carbon than conventional benchmarks, while field studies report + 5–10 dBA background increases from natural ventilation that require targeted acoustic measures. Our contribution is a joint appraisal of acoustic (e.g., RT60, STI) and environmental outcomes (e.g., LCA/carbon) using ROBINS-I across non-randomized designs, clarifying where performance parity is achieved and where ventilation–acoustics trade-offs persist. Implications include establishing standardized acoustic targets within green rating systems, conducting multi-year in-situ evaluations across diverse climates, and developing harmonized frameworks and tools that couple acoustic and environmental indicators to mainstream evidence-based green acoustic design.