Today with this intercommunicative digital world, it is necessary the security and integrity of our information are the most important. In general, cryptographic protocols are a tool to keep information secure and to enable secure communication in trustless environments. This paper shows the evolution and utilization of cryptography protocol updates, from classical to contemporary, it also categorizes its progress with Taxonomy. We discuss basic concepts such as how encryption, key exchange and digital signatures all work and how these notions are used in practice. Issues and susceptibilities are also covered on cryptographic systems, which indicates the ongoing challenge for innovations in security. We examine and demonstrate the use of cryptographic protocols both for a practitioner and researcher working in cybersecurity.