Sustainable Development of the Tourism Business in Rural Areas of Kyrgyzstan: Trends and Priorities in the Use of Climate-“Smart” Technologies
摘要
This research highlights that Kyrgyzstan possesses considerable potential for tourism development, owing to its mountainous landscapes, recreational resources, and historical-cultural heritage. The country’s tourism sector is structured in accordance with altitudinal zoning: resorts and recreational facilities are concentrated in the mid-mountain region. Ecotourism along the route of the Great Silk Road is also situated within this belt, while high-altitude zones accommodate ski tourism, hunting, and resource-based tourism. The national strategy envisions development precisely along these three directions. As a solution, the authors propose introducing a cluster-based approach and a two-stage development model. This approach should focus on existing, low-cost yet profitable areas such as mountaineering, jailoo tourism, and hiking. An econometric review of the empirical experience of green rural tourism in Kyrgyzstan was conducted for the ten-year period from 2014 to 2023 using trend and correlation analysis methods. The research substantiates a neutral development trend in green rural tourism in Kyrgyzstan, with its level remaining relatively stable throughout the considered decade. Quantitative characteristics of the relationships between the sustainability of rural development, supported by climate-smart technologies, and the implementation of various types of tourism in Kyrgyzstan are presented. The theoretical contribution of the identified relationships lies in their formation of a systemic understanding of how tourist flows in Kyrgyzstan influence the sustainable development of rural areas, both organizationally and geographically. The practical contribution is determined by the justification of key priorities: the development of unorganized tourism and tourism from CIS countries, because these types of tourism exhibit the strongest correlation with the sustainable development of rural territories in Kyrgyzstan.