Datasets from ground-based stations and from remote sensing products have been analyzed in this study in order to characterize the climate of Saudi Arabia which is known as desert climate with low precipitation and high air temperature and evapotranspiration. A contradictory has been recently existed when the climatic events have been changed to more torrential rain, while the green cover area has been remarkably widened. The various climate and drought indices calculated for Saudi Arabia gave diverse results. This study differs from previous ones, because it covered the entire Saudi Arabia and for the longest time period available, and it investigated a miscellany of indices for a further comparative analysis and better climate characterization. Seven indices were graphically analyzed by calculating datasets extracted from ground-based stations and from remote-sensing products. The results showed that the precipitation rate over the last few decades in Saudi Arabia is almost stable, while a slight increase in air temperature was reported; i.e., 0.6 °C. However, the vegetation indices (i.e., NDVI, VCI and VHI) showed higher rates above the long-term average (LTA) evidencing healthier vegetation with wider areal cover. While, the calculated drought indices revealed changing to slight aridity for the SPEI and SEDI and can be attributed to the increased air temperature. Given the resulting numeric values and trends in this study, a slight deviation towards humid climate in the Arabian Peninsula has been evidenced and this matches with the concepts introduced by several international and regional initiatives (e.g., IPCC, ESCWA, etc.).