Nigeria’s blue economy entails several key sectors, including policies and laws aimed at the sustainable utilization of ocean resources to ensure food and nutrition security, livelihood, and employment. The approach focuses on the proper management of marine resources with an emphasis on their effective exploitation while safeguarding aquatic ecosystems. With fisheries contributing significantly to food security, livelihood support, job creation, and earnings from foreign exchange, innovative fisheries management is key to attain the aspirations of blue economy. This chapter reflects on the conceptual framework of the blue economy in tandem with strategic and innovative fisheries management strategies. It discusses pertinent environmental issues such as climate change, illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing, overfishing, ghost fishing, pollution, and habitat destruction. The aim of this study was to assess the creative and strategic aspects of fisheries management that can be utilized in the Nigerian fisheries sector to ensure optimization and sustainability of fisheries resources. The approach to this research involved a systematic review of literature using the PRISMA standards of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Secondary information was obtained through policy studies, peer-reviewed scholarly journals, global organizational reports such as those by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the World Bank, and the United Nations (UN). The review highlighted numerous innovative and strategic practices, emphasizing on the development of technology in areas tackling fisheries monitoring, ecosystem-based fishery management, community-based management, and adaptive management approaches. These are crucial in advancing governance and the sustainability of Nigeria’s fisheries forward in a thriving blue economy.