Background Healthy and sustainable seas, oceans, and coastal regions including coastal communities are of great interest for India’s blue economy that calls for a long-term sustainable policy and use of ocean resources. Scope India is essentially a maritime nation with a vast coastline of 11,098.81 km (recalculated in 2023–2024) that spreads in 9 coastal states, 1382 islands and islets, and an exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of over two million km2 rich in living and nonliving resources and significant source of crude oil and natural gas. Research Objectives Primary objective of this study is to examine Sustainable Development Goals 14 (Life Below Water) of the United Nations with respect to Blue Economy of India. Research Methodology The study is based on case studies of two coastal states representing the issue in question by analyzing the data on activities of those coastal communities. Study Outcome Present study seeks to understand the socioecological system in coastal areas which can cope, adapt, and transform the recurring disturbances to bring socioecological resilience among coastal communities forming the foundation of sustainable blue economy in India.