There is a global drive towards sustainable development of the ocean economy. This requires holistic management, integrating environmental, economic and social needs, and engaging stakeholders across multiple sectors. This chapter will focus on the use of ocean accounts as an essential tool in supporting the transition toward a sustainable blue economy, offering a structure through which to monitor ocean ecosystems and their shifting relationships with the economy and society. Significant progress toward the development of regional and national ocean accounts has been made in recent years. Partnerships such as the Global Ocean Accounts Partnership are providing technical guidance and fostering knowledge sharing between nations. Ocean accounts build on existing internationally agreed frameworks and standards for national accounting, such as the System of National Accounting (SNA) and System of Environmental Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA). They provide an opportunity to move “beyond GDP,” allowing the capture of the extent and condition of the natural capital that underpins the global economy. The diverse data captured in these accounts can be integrated into comprehensive sets of indicators, allowing monitoring of progress towards a sustainable blue economy and international agreements (e.g., sustainable development goals). An array of case studies are presented to give greater insights on the current successes of ocean accounts in progressing towards a sustainable blue economy.